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Patented Mar. 24, 1891.

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No. 448,912. Patented Mar. 24, 1891;

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NITED STATES PATENT Prion.

CHARLES EMILE ALEXANDRE ALEXIS DENY, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 448,912, dated March24, 1891.

Application filed June 9,1890- Serial No. 354,855. (MorleL) Patented inFrance March 9, 1889, No. 196,5t35, and in England May 3,1890, No.6,873. I

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CHARLES EMILE ALEX- ANDRE ALEXIS DENY, of Paris,Department of the Seine, in the Republic of France, have inventedImprovements in Mechanism for Looking and Bolting, (for which I haveobtained Letters Patent in France, No. 196,585, dated March 9, 1889, andin Great Britain, No. 6,873, dated May 3, 1890,) of which the followingis a specification.

The improvements forming the object of the present invention relate tolooks and safety-bolts, and are connected more particularly with theemployment of a barrel of peculiar form designed with aview of reducingthe dimensions of the keys and obtaining greater security.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents in elevation, withface-plate removed, one kind of a lock which may be provided with abarrel constructed according to my invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinalsection of the barrel. Fig. 2 is a front view of the barrel. Fig. 3represents a key adapted to be used in the barrel shown in Fig. 2. Figs.4 and 5 are views of the disks used in the barrel. Fig. 6 represents thepart of the lock immediately behind the barrel. Fig. 7 represents a lockprovided with a modified form of barrel. Fig. 8 is a sectional plan ofFig. 7, taken on line 8 S. Fig. 9 is a section taken on line 9 9 of Fig.7. Fig. 10 represents a key adapted to be used in the barrel of the lockshown in Figs. 7, 8, and 9. Fig. 11 is a view of a detail.

My improved barrel attachment may be applied to Various forms of locks,and it is so constructed that one small key may be provided for theopening of locks of quite diiferent character, except as to the barrelitself.

The barrel B (represented in Fig. 2) is to be fixed to the cover-plateof the lock, and it is provided with two longitudinal grooves y y, andan entrance 0 of small diameter with a radial slot or slots for thepassage of a small key with two bits, Fig. 3. Washers 0, Figs. 2 and 4,are packed together in suitable numbers in the barrel and held thereinby a ring or washer 0, Figs. 2 and 5, secured by screws or otherwise tothe barrel. To prevent the rotation of the washers 0, they are providedwith radial projections d d, which enter the grooves y y in the barrel.Every washer c is provided with a radial slot 0 and a central hole forthe passage of the key. These slots correspond or coincide radially withthe slots in the front end of the barrel, and the central holes, beingof difierent diameters, constitute a species of circular comb or notchedchamber fitting the bit of the key. The fixed ring or washer c islikewise provided with a slot and a hole; but the slot does not coincidewith the slot in the entrance, being set at a different angle. Itresults from this arangement that the key when pushed into the barrel isstopped by this fixed washer c, and the key cannot be turned unless theopenings in the centers of the other washers correspond perfectly withthe form of the bits of the key. Each Washer c has a second slot 0 whichcoincides with the slot in' the washer c. If the washers 0 correspondwith the bits of the key, the key can be turned in the barrel until itsbits are at such an angle as to enable it to enter the slot in the fixedwasher, through which it has to pass in order to enter the lock. If thefixed washer 0' should not be used, the second radial slot 0 may bedispensed with. It can thus be seen that it becomes possible to furnishlocks of different combinations and to have for each of them a specialkey, and also to have a key which will fit all the combinations.

In the interior of the lock and covered by the barrel there is alantern-piece L, Figs. 2 and 6, likewise provided with a radial slot forthe reception of the bit of the key with which it becomes connected.This lanternpiece is capable of rotation and is provided with a falsebit to act on the talons of the bolt and on its levers or plates (whensuch are employed) to move the bolt.

The barrel or tube presents the advantages of being unpickable and ofgreat strength, all its parts being fixed, and it requires a key ofrelatively very small dimensions.

For greater security a wardd disk a. may be provided on the front orback of the fixed ring 0. This disk Ct is shown in Fig. 11 as providedwith projections a a to act as wards with which the bit of the key mustcorrespond, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 3, in order to rotate.

The barrel B can be applied to a safetybolt and act in combination witha rotating knob or handle connected to the lantern L, which receives theaction of the key and transmits it to the bolt, as indicated in Fig. 6.

Fig. 1 represents the barrel B as applied to a lock having a forkedboltA with two heads or a capable of a throw of two turns and a half.The other turns are obtained by means of the key and the lantern-bit L,while the half-turn is obtained by an additional movement of the keyfrom the outside and by the sliding knob M on the inside.

In cabinet or furniture locks of small size the barrel or tube ispreferably constructed in the manner represented in Figs. 7, 8, and 9.In these figures the key-barrel B is a flat tube of rectangular form intransverse section with a symmetrical or regularly-formed opening orentrance for the insertion of the double-bitted key. It is perforated atits upper and lower sides with stepped or notched openings c e in placeof the comb or steps formed by the stationary washers c, of theconstruction before described. thus formed acts in the same manner asthe cylindrical barrel before described; but its construction is moresimple and more eco nomical. Of course the steps or notches in theopenings 6 6 must be of corresponding form to the bits of the key, Fig.10, in order that the latter may turnfreely, and the openings aredifferent in each lock, which thus retains its individuality. The boltAis forked and the legs pass on opposite sides of the tube. One legcarries the talons, which are acted on by outer bits of the key, and theother is provided with notches engaging with the stop-spring R. The key,after being turned so that the bits pass through and project from theopenings 6 e in the side of the flattened tube, acts simultaneously andin opposite directions on the bolt and on an anti-friction roller 1) onthe spring catch or stop R. The movement resulting from this action isvery smooth, the resistance to be overcome being balanced or equalized.In order to obtain further security, a thin plate or curtain m coversthe talons of the bolt and opposes the introduction of a pick, and withthe same object the bowl or anti-friction roller b on the spring'catchon the opposite side can be arranged at any desired level facing thenotched or stepped opening.

Cabinet-locks constructed under these conditions are of great strength,but at the same time devoid of complication, and present per.- fectsafety, as hereinbefore explained.

In conclusion, it should be observed that all the parts embodyingniyinvention can be composed of any suitable metal and be of any Thebarrel suitable shapes and dimensions. I do not limit myself as to theircombination or grouping and connection, which may be modified accordingto circumstances and conditions arising from practice and in accordancewith the type of lock in which they are employed. For example, the combor stepped chamberin the barrel, in place of being formed with washersc, placed one over the other in suitable numbers, may be formed of asingle piece obtained by any suitable means and corresponding to thenotches or steps in the bits of the key.

I claim as my invention- 1. A lock having a bolt and at the side abarrel with a slotted opening and 'a notched chamber and a key with likebits on both sides of the stem to correspond with the notches in thechamber, whereby the key may make a complete rotation in the barrel,substantially as described.

2. A look having a bolt, and also a barrel provided with a slottedopening and a notched chamber to correspond with the bits of the key,and a fixed ring or washer having a slot at an angle to the slot in thebarrel, as and for the purposes set forth.

3. A lock having a bolt and a barrel pro vided with a slotted openingand washers, each washer having a central opening to correspond to oneof the bits of the key, and a radial slot, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

4. A look having a bolt and a barrel provided with a slotted opening andwashers, each washer having a central opening to correspond to one ofthe bits of the key, a radial slot, and one, or more warded disks,substantially as set forth.

5. A look having a bolt and a barrel having a slotted opening andwashers, each of which has a central opening and two radial slots, oneto correspond with the slot in the barrel and the other at an angle tothe first slot.

6. A look having a bolt, a barrel provided with a slotted opening and afixed washer having a central opening and a slot at an angle to the slotin the barrel, and additional washers, each havinga central opening andtwo radial slots, one to correspond with the slot in the barrel and theother to correspond with the slot in the fixed washer, all substantiallyas and for the purposes set forth.

7. A lock having a bolt and a barrel provided with a slotted opening andwashers, each having a central opening, two radial slots, one tocorrespond with the slot in the barrel and the other at an anglethereto, and a lantern-piece into which the key is adapted to pass tooperate the bolt, all substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

8. A lock having a bolt and a barrel provided with a slotted opening anda fixed washer having a central opening and a slot at an angle to theslot in the barrel, addi- ICC tional washers, each having a centralopenname to this specification in the presence of ing and two radialslots, one to correspond twe subscribing witnesses. With the slot in thebarrel and the other to a 7 Y correspond with the slot in the fixedWasher, CHARLES EMILE ALEMNDRE ALEXIS DEN 5 and a lantern provided witha radial slot to WVitnesses:

receive the key to operate the bolt. LEVI FRANCKEN, In testimony whereofI have signed my R. J. PRESTON.

